Explanation Text
Explanation is a text which tells processes relating to forming of natural,
social, scientific and cultural phenomena. Explanation text is to say ‘why’ and
‘how’ of the forming of the phenomena. It is often found in science, geography
and history text books.
# General statement; stating the phenomenon issues which are to be explained.
# Sequenced explanation; stating a series of steps which explain the phenomena.
– Featuring generic participant; sun, rain, etc
– Using chronological connection; to begin with, next, etc
– Using passive voice pattern
– Using simple present tense
Example
Rain is the primary source of fresh water for most areas of the world,
providing suitable conditions for diverse ecosystems, as well as water for
hydroelectric power plants and crop irrigation.
The phenomenon of rain is actually a water
circle. The concept of the water cycle involves the sun heating the Earth’s
surface water and causing the surface water to evaporate. The water vapor rises
into the Earth’s atmosphere. The water in the atmosphere cools and condenses
into liquid droplets. The droplets grow until they are heavy and fall to the
earth as precipitation which can be in the form of rain or snow.
However, not all rain
reaches the surface. Some evaporates while falling through dry air. This is
called virga, a phenomenon which is often seen in hot, dry desert regions.
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